{"id":3608,"date":"2021-10-08T09:39:34","date_gmt":"2021-10-08T06:39:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mordayanisma.org\/?p=3608"},"modified":"2025-01-26T17:49:05","modified_gmt":"2025-01-26T14:49:05","slug":"emzirme-meselesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/2021\/10\/08\/emzirme-meselesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Emzirme Meselesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Emzirme meselesi \u00fczerine son zamanlarda (en \u00e7ok da kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan) hayli kafa yorulmakta. Ahlaki bir boyuta s\u0131\u011fd\u0131r\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ve tabula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bu eylem, en \u00e7ok da emziren kad\u0131n\u0131n kamusalla olan sorunu olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ancak bu durum k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta halledilebilmi\u015f de\u011fil. Emziren bir kad\u0131n\u0131n kamusala \u00e7\u0131kma sorunun temelinde tedirginlik, zaman ve emek kayb\u0131 bulunuyor. Farkl\u0131 bir perspektiften bakacak olursak cinsiyet rollerinde kad\u0131na en \u00e7ok atfedilen \u201cannelik rol\u00fc\u201d gere\u011fi, emzirme eyleminin toplumda \u201c\u00f6rnek davran\u0131\u015f\u201d say\u0131lmas\u0131 ve emziren kad\u0131n\u0131n daha \u201cg\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz, k\u0131r\u0131lgan ve kutsal\u201d olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin de kad\u0131na fazladan haks\u0131z s\u0131fatlar\u0131 y\u00fckl\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cGidece\u011fim yerde bebe\u011fimi emzirebilece\u011fim hijyenik ve g\u00fcvenli bir mekan var m\u0131?\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOrada s\u00fct\u00fcm\u00fc sa\u011fabilmem i\u00e7in priz var m\u0131?\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBu s\u00fct sa\u011fma aletlerini nas\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131m?\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHer ihtimale kar\u015f\u0131 emzirme \u015fal\u0131m\u0131 yan\u0131ma almal\u0131y\u0131m.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

gibi sorular emziren kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kamusal alanla bulu\u015fmadan \u00f6nce ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tedirginliklerin c\u00fcmleleri oluyor. Emzirme s\u0131ras\u0131nda ise anne ve bebek i\u00e7in konforlu alan olmamas\u0131, insanlar\u0131n rahats\u0131z edici bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131 tedirgin eden durumlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Merkezi ve yerel y\u00f6netimlerin kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kentteki ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131racak ad\u0131mlar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir parantez a\u00e7arak emzirmenin sa\u011fl\u0131k boyutuna bakacak olursak; bebek sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ziyade kad\u0131n bedeninde de yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumlu etkiler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaz. En de\u011ferli etkisi ise anne ve bebek ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kuvvetlendirmesi. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn \u00f6nerisine g\u00f6re her sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bebek ilk 6 ay salt, 2 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar ise ek g\u0131dalarla birlikte anne s\u00fct\u00fc almal\u0131d\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bebe\u011fin hem bebeklik \u00e7ap\u0131nda hem de yeti\u015fkin d\u00f6nemde sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nem arz eder ancak bunlara ra\u011fmen her kad\u0131n bebe\u011fini emzirmek zorunda de\u011fildir. Emzirme eyleminin kad\u0131n\u0131n kendi r\u0131zas\u0131ndan ya da biyolojik sebeplerden dolay\u0131 (laktogenez ger\u00e7ekle\u015fememesi, bebe\u011fin meme reddi, annenin madde veya alkol ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131s\u0131 olmas\u0131, ila\u00e7 kullanmak zorunda kalmas\u0131 vs.) ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyebilir. Emzirmeye te\u015fvik etme amac\u0131 ile y\u00f6netimlerin sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131nda uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 politikalarda son zamanlarda geli\u015fme g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. Bebek dostu hastaneler, i\u015f kanununda yer verilen izinler, kamu kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flanan emzirme odalar\u0131 vs… \u0130\u015f kanununda yer alan s\u00fct izninin erkek bireyler i\u00e7in uygulanmamas\u0131, bebe\u011fin sadece anneye ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu ya da bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle bebe\u011fin bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n sadece anneye y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131, kanunlarla peki\u015ftirilmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131yor; bu alg\u0131 cinsiyet rollerini besliyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emzirmeye kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirilen te\u015fvik edici ad\u0131mlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra mahremiyet olgusu ve kapitalist d\u00fcnyan\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi geli\u015fmeler kad\u0131nlar\u0131n emzirme eylemlerinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde b\u00fcy\u00fck engeller olu\u015fturuyor. Anne s\u00fct\u00fc ile kapitalizm aras\u0131nda ku\u015fkusuz bir ili\u015fki ve \u00e7eli\u015fki durumu mevcut. Az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde emzirme oran\u0131n\u0131n, d\u00fcnya geneline g\u00f6re y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bunun sebebi ise anne s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn kolay eri\u015filebilir ve \u00fccretsiz olmas\u0131. Modern d\u00fcnyada ise b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u0131da \u015firketlerinin etkili oldu\u011fu sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn pazarlama politikalar\u0131, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015f hayat\u0131nda daha aktif olmalar\u0131 ve i\u015fverenlerin kad\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara y\u00f6nelik yeterli d\u00fczeyde hak sa\u011flayamamas\u0131; emzirme \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki bebeklerin haz\u0131r g\u0131daya y\u00f6nelmesine sebep oluyor. Bu y\u00f6nelimin anne ve bebek \u00fczerinde direkt ya da dolayl\u0131 etkileri ise ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz. \u00d6yle ki t\u00fcm bu kamusal ve kapitalist engeller kad\u0131nlar\u0131n emzirme oranlar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe sebebiyet veriyor. Bu da hem bireylerin hem de toplum sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir dezavantaja d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emzirme meselesinde k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve co\u011frafi farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere yans\u0131mas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz. Dini inan\u0131\u015flar, aile yap\u0131s\u0131, fiziksel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7evre, emzirmeye kar\u015f\u0131 tutum ve toplumsal cinsiyet alg\u0131s\u0131 kamusal alanda emzirmeye kar\u015f\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendirir. Ku\u015faklar aras\u0131 aktar\u0131mda emzirme meselesine kar\u015f\u0131 olan tutum ise mahremiyet alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Toplum taraf\u0131ndan bu konuda bir ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fck s\u00f6z konusudur. Emzirme, d\u00f6rt duvar aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi zaman kutsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan, a\u00e7\u0131k alanda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi zamansa ay\u0131planan bir eylemdir. \u00d6zellikle erkek bireylerin bulundu\u011fu yerlerde bebe\u011fini emzirmek isteyen bir kad\u0131n ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lanmaz. Bu kar\u015f\u0131lanman\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 korku ve tedirginlik de kad\u0131n\u0131n emzirmeye y\u00f6nelik, ku\u015faklardan aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tutumunu besler. Tabir-i caizse emzirme eylemini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirece\u011fi zaman ka\u00e7acak delik arar. Toplumsal alg\u0131ya\/yarg\u0131ya g\u00f6re e\u011fer bir erke\u011fin yan\u0131nda emzirme eylemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecekse bu ki\u015fi sadece e\u015fi olmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peki ne yap\u0131labilir?  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emzirme daha g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131l\u0131nabilir. Medyada, TV, film ve dizilerde yer verilebilir. Yerel y\u00f6netimler bu konuda daha fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu ayn\u0131 zamanda toplum sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendiren bir durumdur. Emzirme kabinleri, emziren kad\u0131n fig\u00fcrleri vb. k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ama etkili ad\u0131mlar, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kent aidiyetini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir. Ayr\u0131ca bireysel olarak da emziren bir kad\u0131n ya da emziren bir kad\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131 olarak bu s\u0131radan eylemin olduk\u00e7a \u201cs\u0131radan\u201d oldu\u011funu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak davran\u0131labilir. Kolay s\u00f6ylense de bu belirli bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrde yeti\u015fmi\u015f bir kad\u0131n i\u00e7in kolay de\u011fildir. De\u011fi\u015fim fark\u0131ndal\u0131k ile ba\u015flar. O y\u00fczden bu konuda en nitelikli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bu eylemin di\u011fer s\u0131radan eylemler kadar normal oldu\u011funu kabul etmek, g\u00fcndelik ya\u015famda ve s\u00f6ylemlerde dillendirmek; cinsiyet, ya\u015f ve stat\u00fc farketmeksizin dayan\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde hareket etmektir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sevgi, renk ve m\u00fccadele ile <3 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Amir, L. H. (2014).\u00a0Breastfeeding\u00a0in\u00a0public:\u201cYou\u00a0can do it?\u201d.\u00a0International\u00a0breastfeeding\u00a0journal,\u00a09(1), 1-3\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Sheehan, A.,\u00a0Gribble, K., &\u00a0Schmied, V. (2019).\u00a0It\u2019s\u00a0okay\u00a0to\u00a0breastfeed\u00a0in\u00a0public\u00a0but\u2026.\u00a0International\u00a0breastfeeding\u00a0journal,\u00a014(1), 1-11.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Emel, G. \u00dc. R. Bebek Beslenmesinde Anne\u00a0S\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00a0\u00d6nemi\u00a0ve Emzirme\u00a0Tekni\u011fi.\u00a0Klinik T\u0131p Pediatri Dergisi,\u00a011(5), 225-232.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Timurturkan, M. (2020).\u00a0Biyoiktidar, Beslenme ve Annelik: Emzirmenin K\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve Politik G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmleri.\u00a0\u0130stanbul\u00a0University\u00a0Journal\u00a0of\u00a0Sociology,\u00a040(1), 219-248.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Timurturkan, M. Annelerin Emzirmeye \u0130li\u015fkin\u00a0Instagram\u2019da\u00a0Payla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 G\u00f6rsellerin\u00a0Heteronormatif\u00a0Cinsiyet Kal\u0131plar\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan De\u011ferlendirilmesi| Evaluation of\u00a0the\u00a0Visuals\u00a0Shared\u00a0By\u00a0Mothers\u00a0on\u00a0Instagram\u00a0About\u00a0Breastfeeding\u00a0from\u00a0the\u00a0Point of\u00a0Heteronormative\u00a0Gender\u00a0Patterns.\u00a0Akdeniz Kad\u0131n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve\u00a0Toplumsal Cinsiyet Dergisi,\u00a03(1), 1-29.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Emzirme meselesi \u00fczerine son zamanlarda (en \u00e7ok da kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan) hayli kafa yorulmakta. Ahlaki bir boyuta s\u0131\u011fd\u0131r\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ve tabula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bu eylem, en \u00e7ok da emziren kad\u0131n\u0131n kamusalla olan sorunu olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ancak bu durum k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta halledilebilmi\u015f de\u011fil. Emziren bir kad\u0131n\u0131n kamusala \u00e7\u0131kma sorunun temelinde tedirginlik, zaman ve emek kayb\u0131 bulunuyor. Farkl\u0131 bir perspektiften bakacak olursak…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":3611,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_eb_attr":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1250],"tags":[338,336,268],"ppma_author":[587],"class_list":["post-3608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-annelik","tag-bebek","tag-emzirme","tag-kamusalalan","author-demet"],"authors":[{"term_id":587,"user_id":20,"is_guest":0,"slug":null,"display_name":"Demet Bayar K\u0131l\u0131carslan","avatar_url":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/24bb30e62bd01c521649a2a0cc856418.jpg?ver=1784368394","author_category":"","first_name":"Demet","last_name":"Bayar K\u0131l\u0131carslan","user_url":"","job_title":"","description":"demetbayarklcrsln@mordayanisma.org"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3608","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3608"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3608\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3611"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3608"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3608"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3608"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mordayanisma.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3608"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}