Fransa\u2019n\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131nlara kar\u015f\u0131 muamelesi yine g\u00fcndemde. Birka\u00e7 hafta \u00f6nce kapal\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n Grenoble\u2019daki halka a\u00e7\u0131k y\u00fczme havuzuna, yasaklanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, ha\u015femal\u0131 girmesi \u015fehirde bir skandala yol a\u00e7t\u0131. \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcman Rosa Parks\u201d lakab\u0131yla an\u0131lan kad\u0131nlar konu hakk\u0131nda May\u0131s ay\u0131nda Grenoble kent konseyine y\u00f6nelik imza kampanyas\u0131 ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n da \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu Grenoble\u2019lu Yurtta\u015f Birli\u011fi Facebook\u2019ta \u015f\u00f6yle bir payla\u015f\u0131m yapt\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dini \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri savunmak ve k\u0131yafet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kar\u0131\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in Rosa Parks\u2019tan ilham alarak sivil itaatsizlik eylemine ba\u015flad\u0131k. Y\u00fcksek s\u0131cak dalgalar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131rken Grenoble\u2019un belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131 Eric Piolle\u2019nin halka a\u00e7\u0131k havuzun a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ertelemesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yoruz. <\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Hat\u0131rlatmak gerekirse tesett\u00fcr mayolar\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 2016\u2019da Frans\u0131z Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131, 2018\u2019de ise insan haklar\u0131 komisyoneri yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulmu\u015ftu. Ba\u015fka \u015fehirler de dahil olmak \u00fczere Grenoble \u015fehri i\u00e7t\u00fcz\u00fcklerinde kulland\u0131klar\u0131 ifadelerle bu yasa\u011f\u0131n etraf\u0131ndan dolanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu skandal yoktan yere patlak vermedi; \u00f6ncesinde 2016 Haziran ve temmuz ay\u0131nda da benzer bir \u201cHa\u015fema meselesi\u201d ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Cannes belediyesi ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere toplamda 31 yerel idare halka a\u00e7\u0131k plajlarda tesett\u00fcr mayosu girmeyi yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Fransa\u2019da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kapanmas\u0131 konusu her defas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc kopartt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bu olayda da bir\u00e7ok tepki do\u011fmu\u015ftu. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l 26 A\u011fustos tarihinde Dan\u0131\u015ftay al\u0131nan idari kararlar\u0131n hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu tescil etmi\u015f, yasaklar\u0131 \u201ctemel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere ciddi ve hukuk d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir sald\u0131r\u0131\u201d olarak de\u011ferlendirmi\u015fti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
2016 tesett\u00fcr mayo yasa\u011f\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa u\u011framas\u0131na sebep oldu. Kad\u0131nlar ya giyim tercihlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek ya da kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k alanlar\u0131 terk etmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7 polis memurunun plajda uzun kollu bir giysi ile oturan kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerini \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 foto\u011fraf d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda yay\u0131ld\u0131 ve yo\u011fun bir tepkiye sebep oldu. Bu yasak sadece dini giysileri de\u011fil, kol ve bacaklar\u0131 \u00f6rten t\u00fcm k\u0131yafetleri kaps\u0131yordu, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman veya Kuzey Afrikal\u0131 olmalar\u0131 yeterliydi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yasak \u00f6yle bir boyuta ula\u015ft\u0131 ki \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015fi i\u00e7in bunun bir sa\u00e7mal\u0131k oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k hale geldi. Sonu\u00e7 olarak baz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z bu olay\u0131n anaak\u0131m feminist \u00e7evrelerde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131nlara y\u00f6nelik bir deste\u011fin ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olabilece\u011fi konusunda umutland\u0131k. Bir\u00e7ok \u00e7aban\u0131n sayesinde \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla tan\u0131nmayan Osez Le Feminisme \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc bu yasaklar\u0131 k\u0131nad\u0131. Ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131klar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan baz\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctler ise kafalar\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k bir tutum sergileseler de normalden daha az yarg\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 yaz\u0131lar yay\u0131nlad\u0131lar. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde ilerleme kaydedilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ne kadar da safm\u0131\u015f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dc\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra 2019\u2019da tekrar ya\u015fanan ha\u015fema meselesinde ise \u00f6nceden g\u00f6sterilen deste\u011fin izi kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131: \u00f6yle ki, arada ge\u00e7en \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde Fransa\u2019da ya\u015fayan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131nlar\u0131n maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 nefret s\u00f6ylemleri 2016\u2019da hissedilen olumlu atmosferi tersine \u00e7evirmi\u015fti. (Ayr\u0131ca \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131kla eklemek gerekirse, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n -hangi kad\u0131n olursa olsun- erkek bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in soyunmas\u0131n\u0131 istemek ne zamandan beri bir feminist duru\u015fun par\u00e7as\u0131 olmu\u015ftu?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu seferki arg\u00fcmanlar biraz farkl\u0131yd\u0131. Kapal\u0131 kad\u0131nlar 45 derece s\u0131cakl\u0131kta sadece havuza gitmek isteyen kad\u0131nlar olarak lanse edilmek yerine t\u00fcm \u00fclke n\u00fcfusunun din de\u011fi\u015fitrmesini ama\u00e7layan radikal \u0130slamc\u0131lar olarak g\u00f6sterilmek istendi; ancak bu defa, belki de eski arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131n art\u0131k demode olmas\u0131yla alakal\u0131 olarak, hijyen mevzusu \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Halka a\u00e7\u0131k havuzlar\u0131n idrarla dolu olmas\u0131n\u0131 bir yana b\u0131rakal\u0131m, tesett\u00fcr mayolar\u0131n di\u011fer mayo \u00e7e\u015fitlerinden daha az hijyenik oldu\u011fu iddia edildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu arg\u00fcman garip bir arg\u00fcmand\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc tesett\u00fcr mayolar havuz d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir yerde giyilmiyor, di\u011fer mayolar\u0131yla ayn\u0131 malzemeden yap\u0131l\u0131yor ve kad\u0131nlar bu mayolar\u0131 havuz d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda giymiyorlar. Herhangi bir mayoya g\u00f6re niye daha az hijyenik oldu\u011fu konusunda belli bir sebep yokken insan haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bu arg\u00fcman \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. (Bir ba\u015fka \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen arg\u00fcman ise herhangi bir kalp krizi an\u0131nda mayonun kesilmesi gerekti\u011fiydi). B\u00f6yle bir arg\u00fcmanla beyaz \u0131rktan olmayanlar\u0131n hijyen standartlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu\u011fu imas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor ki bu \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n ve epey \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 bir iddia. Belki de sahici bir arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden ha\u015femay\u0131 ele\u015ftirenler s\u00f6m\u00fcrge zamanlar\u0131ndaki basmakal\u0131p fikirlere geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015flerdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Son olarak, hi\u00e7 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtmayan bir \u015fekilde, Fransa\u2019daki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131nlar\u0131n v\u00fccutlar\u0131 ile ilgili bir m\u00fccadele cinsel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck \u00fczerinden g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmekte. \u201cMutlu G\u00fcnler\u201d isimli bir Facebook grubu \u201cye\u015fil, laik bir yurtta\u015f hareketinin in\u015fas\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 etkinliklerinde \u201ccumhuriyet\u00e7i de\u011ferlere ba\u011fl\u0131 vatanda\u015flar ha\u015femal\u0131 komandolar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131r\u0131l\u00e7\u0131plak soyunmal\u0131\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131lar. V\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rtmek isteyen kad\u0131nlar \u201cFrans\u0131z Cumhuriyet\u00e7i de\u011ferleri\u201d savunan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011f, sol veya s\u00f6zde feminist \u00e7evreler i\u00e7in hep bir sorun kayna\u011f\u0131 oldular. Bu \u00e7evreler kad\u0131nlar\u0131n cinselli\u011fe her zaman istekli ve m\u00fcsait olmalar\u0131n\u0131 tercih \u2013 asl\u0131nda, talep- etmekte. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede verilecek en bariz tepki ise kapanmay\u0131 tercih eden kad\u0131nlar\u0131n erkek cinsel organlar\u0131na bakmaya zorlamakla cinsel sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunmak. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu arada Le Monde\u2019da 4 Temmuz\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan bir habere g\u00f6re 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda Fransa\u2019da 75 kad\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Feministler \u015fiddet ma\u011fduru olan kad\u0131nlara yard\u0131mda kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan sistematik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 belirterek h\u00fck\u00fcmetten acil \u00f6nlem talebinde bulunuyorlar. \u201c\u0130nsan haklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkesinde\u201d her 2,5 g\u00fcnde bir, bir kad\u0131n \u015fu anki veya eski partneri taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Medya ve yerel idareler mayolarla ilgilenirken ise kad\u0131nlar \u00f6l\u00fcyor.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(Bu yaz\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye Mor Dayan\u0131\u015fma \u00c7eviri Komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7evrildi. Orijinali i\u00e7in<\/em>: <\/p>\n\n\n\n